Docker CLI Deep Dive

docker run --name my-app nginx
# Without --name, Docker assigns random names like "vibrant_curie"

docker run -p 8080:80 nginx
# Access nginx at localhost:8080, which maps to container port 80

docker run -p 3000:3000 node-app
# Both host and container use port 3000

docker run -d nginx
# Returns container ID, terminal remains free

docker run -it ubuntu bash
# Opens a bash shell inside the container
# -i = interactive (keep STDIN open)
# -t = allocate a pseudo-TTY (terminal)

docker run --rm ubuntu echo "Hello World"
# Container is automatically deleted after the command finishes

docker run -v /host/path:/container/path nginx
docker run -v my-volume:/data postgres

docker run --network my-network nginx

docker run -e NODE_ENV=production node-app
docker run -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=secret mysql

# Run MongoDB: named, detached, with port, env var, and volume
docker run \
  --name mongodb \
  -d \
  -p 27017:27017 \
  -e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=admin \
  -e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=password \
  -v mongo-data:/data/db \
  mongo:6

# Run Node.js app: named, detached, with port, env, and remove on stop
docker run \
  --name my-api \
  -d \
  -p 3000:3000 \
  -e NODE_ENV=production \
  --rm \
  my-api-image

# Run Ubuntu interactively and auto-remove
docker run -it --rm ubuntu bash