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Factory Pattern

Factory Pattern

Introduction

The Factory pattern provides an interface for creating objects without exposing the creation logic to the caller.

Topics Covered

Implementation — Centralized object creation
Real-World Examples — Practical factory scenarios

Implementation

class User { constructor(name) { this.name = name; this.role = 'user'; } }
class Admin { constructor(name) { this.name = name; this.role = 'admin'; } }
class Guest { constructor(name) { this.name = name; this.role = 'guest'; } }

function userFactory(type, name) {
  switch (type) {
    case 'admin': return new Admin(name);
    case 'guest': return new Guest(name);
    default: return new User(name);
  }
}

const alice = userFactory('admin', 'Alice'); // Admin { name: 'Alice', role: 'admin' }
const bob = userFactory('user', 'Bob');       // User { name: 'Bob', role: 'user' }

Summary

Centralizes object creation
Hides complex instantiation logic
Easy to extend with new types

Further Reading

Refactoring Guru: Factory